{"id":3374,"date":"2025-12-25T07:02:53","date_gmt":"2025-12-25T04:02:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skilx.cc\/unlix\/?p=3374"},"modified":"2025-12-25T07:02:53","modified_gmt":"2025-12-25T04:02:53","slug":"%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b9%d0%ba%d0%b0-sudo-%d0%b2-debian-13","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skilx.cc\/unlix\/%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%82%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b9%d0%ba%d0%b0-sudo-%d0%b2-debian-13\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 sudo \u0432 Debian 13"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 sudo \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f \u0432 Debian 13, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439. <!--more--><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">1. \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 sudo<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435:<\/p>\n<pre>root@localhost:~# apt -y install sudo<\/pre>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">2. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a sudo \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430:<\/p>\n<pre>root@localhost:~# visudo<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0414\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438:<\/p>\n<pre>trixie    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0451\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044e <code>trixie<\/code> \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u044f\u043c root. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438:<\/p>\n<pre>trixie@localhost:~$ cat \/etc\/shadow\r\ncat: \/etc\/shadow: Permission denied\r\n\r\ntrixie@localhost:~$ sudo cat \/etc\/shadow\r\n[sudo] password for trixie:\r\nroot:xxxxxxxxxx:19520:0:99999:7:::\r\n...<\/pre>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">3. \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u043a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u0412 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0435 <code>visudo<\/code> \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435:<\/p>\n<pre># Cmnd alias specification\r\nCmnd_Alias SHUTDOWN = \/usr\/sbin\/halt, \/usr\/sbin\/shutdown, \\\r\n\/usr\/sbin\/poweroff, \/usr\/sbin\/reboot, \/usr\/sbin\/init, \/usr\/bin\/systemctl\r\n\r\ntrixie    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL, !SHUTDOWN<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u043e\u0439:<\/p>\n<pre>trixie@localhost:~$ sudo \/usr\/sbin\/reboot\r\nSorry, user trixie is not allowed to execute '\/usr\/sbin\/reboot' as root on localhost.<\/pre>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">4. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u043b\u0438\u0430\u0441 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0443:<\/p>\n<pre># Cmnd alias specification\r\nCmnd_Alias USERMGR = \/usr\/sbin\/adduser, \/usr\/sbin\/useradd, \/usr\/sbin\/newusers, \\\r\n\/usr\/sbin\/deluser, \/usr\/sbin\/userdel, \/usr\/sbin\/usermod, \/usr\/bin\/passwd\r\n\r\n%usermgr   ALL=(ALL:ALL) USERMGR<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0443 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f:<\/p>\n<pre>root@localhost:~# groupadd usermgr\r\nroot@localhost:~# usermod -aG usermgr trixie<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044f\u043c\u0438:<\/p>\n<pre>trixie@localhost:~$ sudo \/usr\/sbin\/useradd testuser\r\ntrixie@localhost:~$ sudo \/usr\/bin\/passwd testuser\r\nEnter new UNIX password:\r\nRetype new UNIX password:\r\npasswd: password updated successfully<\/pre>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">5. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440:<\/p>\n<pre>fedora   ALL=(ALL:ALL) \/usr\/sbin\/visudo\r\ndebian   ALL=(ALL:ALL) \/usr\/sbin\/adduser, \/usr\/sbin\/useradd, \/usr\/sbin\/newusers, \\\r\n                       \/usr\/sbin\/deluser, \/usr\/sbin\/userdel, \/usr\/sbin\/usermod, \/usr\/bin\/passwd\r\nubuntu   ALL=(ALL:ALL) \/usr\/bin\/vim<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\">6. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 sudo \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 journald<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435:<\/p>\n<pre>root@localhost:~# journalctl -t sudo<\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439:<\/p>\n<pre>Aug 10 18:20:54 debian sudo[1515]:   trixie : TTY=ttyS0 ; PWD=\/home\/trixie ; USER=root ; COMMAND=\/usr\/bin\/cat \/etc\/shadow\r\nAug 10 18:20:54 debian sudo[1515]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root(uid=0) by root(uid=1001)\r\nAug 10 18:20:54 debian sudo[1515]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 sudo \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f \u0432 Debian 13, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3375,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,1440,32,15,1120],"tags":[64,1433,578],"class_list":["post-3374","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-debian","category-debian-13","category-32","category-15","category-1120","tag-debian","tag-debian-13","tag-sudo"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.9 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 sudo \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f \u0432 Debian 13, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430.\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"UNLIX\"\/>\n\t<meta name=\"keywords\" content=\"debian,debian 13,sudo,\u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435,\u0432\u0441\u0435 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content=\"https:\/\/skilx.cc\/unlix\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/2025-12-25_07-00.jpg\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"639\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"420\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-12-25T04:02:53+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-12-25T04:02:53+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 sudo \u0432 Debian 13 | UNLIX\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"\u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 sudo \u0434\u043b\u044f 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